The short answer
Yes, at the right stage, and the label on the drawing often decides it. Board rules in Arizona, Maine, Tennessee and Texas let a plan go to a review body or leave the office without a seal when it is marked as preliminary, and Missouri's seal statute requires no professional to seal preliminary or incomplete documents [1, 5, 2, 6, 7]. Counties and cities take a concept layout at their first meeting: Bandera County, Texas receives a sketch plan that need not be drawn with precision [3], Buncombe County, North Carolina takes a sketch development plan at its pre-application conference [8], and Murfreesboro, Tennessee asks for a dimensioned conceptual site plan with a site data table at its due diligence meeting [9].
The seal arrives with the documents that follow. Bandera County wants road and drainage plans sealed by a professional engineer before it approves a preliminary plat [3], and Lee County, Florida wants every plan in a development order application signed and sealed [10]. A few jurisdictions move the seal to the first formal filing: Cedar Rapids, Iowa requires even its preliminary site development plan to be certified by a registered civil engineer [4].
Innowave's site plans are preliminary by design: the layout, the yield and the site data table that a sketch, concept or pre-application stage takes. Where a jurisdiction requires a seal, the client's engineer of record builds the sealed set on that preliminary plan.
How a plan goes unsealed: the label
Where a state board allows an unsealed plan, the rule usually turns on what the drawing says about itself.
- Arizona. A registrant seals a document before submitting it to any regulatory or review body unless it is marked "preliminary," "draft" or "not for construction" (A.A.C. R4-30-304(D)) [1].
- Tennessee. Under the board's rule, working or partly completed plans, and drawings that are not construction documents, carry a designation marking them as preliminary and not for construction, for review only, or draft (Rule 0120-02-.08(9)) [2]. A surveyor's working drawing or preliminary document needs no seal when it carries a statement in large bold letters that it is not for construction, recording or implementation (Rule 0820-04-.08(2)) [11].
- Texas. A preliminary engineering document may be released without a seal when it carries a caveat that it is not for construction, bidding or permit use and shows the firm's name and registration number; the final version is sealed, signed and dated before release (22 TAC 137.33(e), (f), (n)) [6]. The engineering board applies the same caveat to electronic files (EAOR45) [12].
- Maine. An engineer seals documents formally filed with a public body, released for construction or sent to contractors for bids, and need not seal documents clearly identified as PRELIMINARY or PROGRESS (02-322 CMR ch. 2, s. 11) [5].
- Iowa. A non-final submission is labeled preliminary or draft (Iowa Admin. Code 193C-6.1(4)) [13].
- Rhode Island. An engineer's seal goes on final cover sheets and on each original sheet, and interim or draft sheets are identified as such (430-RICR-00-00-1.7) [14].
- Washington. A licensee's preliminary documents carry the stamp but need not be signed or dated, while final documents, the ones filed with public officials or used for construction, carry the seal, signature and date (WAC 196-23-020) [15].
- Missouri. Licensees seal all final technical submissions, and the statute requires no professional to seal preliminary or incomplete documents (RSMo 327.411) [7].
State planning statutes add a second layer. New York's Town Law 274-a lets the local law set the elements a site plan shows and does not itself call for a seal [16]. Vermont's Chapter 117 sets no seal requirement for a site plan that is reviewed only at the local level [17]. New Jersey's Municipal Land Use Law asks for no more than preliminary architectural plans and elevations with a preliminary site plan (N.J.S.A. 40:55D-46) [18].
The acceptance table
One row per rule, sorted by state: the jurisdiction where the rule is local, the stage, whether that stage takes a seal, and the rule with its citation.
| State | Jurisdiction | Stage | Seal at this stage | Rule and citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | Statewide | Any document to a regulatory or review body | Not if marked | Sealed unless marked preliminary, draft or not for construction (A.A.C. R4-30-304(D)) [1] |
| Arizona | Buckeye | Rezoning | Legal description only | Exhibit titled Conceptual Overall Site Plan and noted as not reviewed or approved; legal description and exhibit sealed by an Arizona registrant (PLZZ-20-00011) [19] |
| Arizona | Maricopa County | Zoning case | Engineering deferred | Engineering review of a zoning case is for conceptual design only; detailed grading and drainage plans come with the building permit application [20] |
| Colorado | Chaffee County | Pre-application conference | No | A letter of intent and a conceptual site plan, which is unsealed (Land Use Code Appendix A, Sec. 1.A) [21] |
| Delaware | Sussex County | Site plan | Yes | Seal and signature of a registered Delaware land surveyor or professional engineer [22] |
| Florida | Statewide, Department of Health | RV park plan review | None stated in the rule | New parks submit plans drawn to scale (64E-15.010(2)(c)); for an existing park without plans on file, the drawing need not be to scale or by an engineer if space dimensions are shown (64E-15.010(2)(b)) [23] |
| Florida | Lake County | Comprehensive plan amendment | No | An unsealed concept plan was accepted for Haines Creek RV Village (FLU-22-14-4) [24] |
| Florida | Lee County | Informal or pre-application meeting | No | A conceptual plan [10] |
| Florida | Lee County | Development order | Yes | All plans signed and sealed (LDC 10-102) [10] |
| Georgia | Cobb County | Before a building permit | Yes | A current plan and survey of the property sealed by a registered land surveyor (Development Standards 103.19.1) [25] |
| Georgia | Gwinnett County | Pre-application and rezoning | Concept plan no; survey and traffic study yes | Concept plan uploaded to the ZIP Portal; boundary survey by a registered surveyor and traffic impact study by a GDOT-prequalified engineer [26]; the zoning plan in case RZC2023-00002 is marked not released for construction [27] |
| Georgia | Georgia DOT | Commercial driveway permit on a state route | Traffic study yes | Concept review invites a preliminary site plan; the traffic impact study is stamped by a Georgia professional engineer [28] |
| Illinois | Statewide | Any site plan showing boundary dimensions or bearings | Yes | Sealed by a professional land surveyor and by the design professional for the proposed conditions, survey underlays included [29] |
| Illinois | Chicago | Stormwater review, before a building or sewer permit | Yes | Initial plan submittal signed by the applicant and sealed by a professional engineer [30] |
| Iowa | Statewide | Non-final submissions | Label required | Labeled preliminary or draft (Iowa Admin. Code 193C-6.1(4)) [13] |
| Iowa | Cedar Rapids | Administrative and preliminary site development plans | Yes | Certified by a registered civil engineer licensed in Iowa [4] |
| Louisiana | DOTD, state highways | Traffic impact study, before the access application | Yes | Prepared and sealed by a licensed professional engineer where a development generates 100 hourly trips in the peak direction or has an access point within a quarter mile of a state highway (LAC 70:I.1101) [31] |
| Maine | Statewide | Engineering documents | Not if labeled | No seal on documents identified as PRELIMINARY or PROGRESS (02-322 CMR ch. 2, s. 11) [5] |
| Maryland | Howard County | Site Development Plan | Yes | Plans prepared by a Maryland registered engineer or architect [32] |
| Mississippi | Statewide | Renderings | No | Presentation documents that are not part of a drawing set [33] |
| Mississippi | Hattiesburg | Site plan review application | No | Drawn to scale by a design professional or to a recognized graphic standard, with the scale stated [34] |
| Missouri | Statewide | Preliminary or incomplete documents | No | Final technical submissions are sealed (RSMo 327.411) [7] |
| Missouri | Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District | Start of project review | Yes | One set of plans prepared and sealed by an engineer registered in Missouri [35] |
| New Jersey | Essex County Planning Board | County filing | Yes | Four copies of signed and sealed plans [36] |
| New Jersey | Ocean County Planning Board | County review | Yes | The review clock starts on receipt of the fee, sealed plans and a completed checklist [37] |
| New York | Towns | Site plan review | Not by statute | Town Law 274-a leaves the required elements to the local law [16] |
| North Carolina | Gaston County | Site plan | No | Preparation by a licensed engineer, architect, landscape architect or land surveyor is encouraged, not required (UDO 5.2.1(A)) [38] |
| North Carolina | Buncombe County | Pre-application conference | No | A sketch development plan (Zoning Ordinance Sec. 78-677(b)) [8] |
| North Carolina | Fuquay-Varina | Site plan | Yes | All plans prepared and sealed by a licensed professional [39] |
| North Carolina | Wendell | Residential building permit | No | The site plan does not have to be professionally drawn [40] |
| North Carolina | NCDOT Division 10, District 2 | Driveway permit studies | Yes | Traffic impact analyses, signal studies, soft digs and drainage studies sealed by a North Carolina licensed professional [41] |
| North Dakota | Williston | Commercial building permit | No | Plans drawn to scale with a site plan; professional drafting encouraged, not required [42] |
| Ohio | Dayton | Fence permit site plan | No | Not required to be prepared by a licensed professional registered with the State of Ohio [43] |
| Rhode Island | Statewide | Interim engineering sheets | Not if identified | Interim and draft sheets identified as such; final sheets sealed (430-RICR-00-00-1.7) [14] |
| Rhode Island | RIDOT | Physical Alteration Permit, commercial | Yes | Plans and drainage calculations stamped, signed and dated by a Rhode Island professional engineer [44] |
| Tennessee | Statewide | Drawings that are not construction documents | Not if labeled | Designated preliminary, for review only or draft (Rule 0120-02-.08(9)) [2] |
| Tennessee | Metro Nashville | Residential building permit | No | No licensed professional required; an accurately dimensioned scale drawing [45] |
| Tennessee | Murfreesboro | Due diligence meeting | No | A dimensioned conceptual site plan showing structures, access, parking, landscaping, drainage areas and a site data table [9] |
| Tennessee | Murfreesboro | Site plan | Drainage calculations | Retention or detention areas with engineered stamped calculations [46] |
| Texas | Statewide | Preliminary engineering documents | Not if marked | Not-for-construction caveat with the firm's name and registration number; final version sealed (22 TAC 137.33(e), (f), (n)) [6] |
| Texas | Bandera County | Sketch plan | No | Not required to be drawn with precision (Regs. 2.2.27) [3] |
| Texas | Bandera County | Preliminary plan and preliminary plat | Yes | Plan prepared by a registered surveyor or engineer (Regs. 2.2.20); road and drainage plans sealed by a professional engineer before preliminary plat approval [3] |
| Texas | Houston | Residential addition permit | Survey or plan | A survey by a Texas registered surveyor, or a complete site plan with dimensions [47] |
| Texas | Mansfield | Specific use permit | Description only | The metes and bounds description is signed and sealed by a registered surveyor (Code 155.080(D)(3)) [48] |
| Texas | San Antonio | IEBC preliminary meeting | No | Held before the construction permit application; the Building Official may require an evaluation by a registered design professional (Sec. 10-5(c)) [49] |
| Texas | San Antonio | Sidewalk café permit | No | A site plan at least 8.5 x 11 in [50] |
| Texas | San Antonio | Building permit, Group A occupancy | Yes | A design professional prepares the construction documents (Sec. 10-8(a)(1)) [49] |
| Texas | Waller County | Pre-application and drainage concept meetings | No | Meetings with the County Engineer [51] |
| Texas | Waller County | Drainage plans, traffic impact analysis, final plat | Yes | A Texas professional engineer; the final plat carries a surveyor's seal and an engineer's certification [51] |
| Utah | Kane County | Conditional use permit | No, in the record | A preliminary site concept plan marked not for construction [52] |
| Vermont | Municipal | Local site plan review | No | Chapter 117 sets no seal requirement for a locally reviewed site plan [17] |
| Virginia | Statewide | Plans for exempt buildings | No; author named | Plans bear the author's name, address and occupation; local building officials may still require A/E design (54.1-402) [53, 54] |
| Washington | Statewide | Preliminary documents | Stamp, no signature | Stamped but need not be signed or dated; final documents sealed, signed and dated (WAC 196-23-020) [15] |
| Wisconsin | Appleton | Post-construction runoff permit | Yes | Initial submittal and final approved plan stamped by a Wisconsin engineer (Sec. 20-321) [55] |
Where the seal comes at the first filing
Three kinds of rule move the seal forward to the first formal submittal.
A local code that names a licensed preparer for the site plan itself. Cedar Rapids requires a registered civil engineer's certification on both its administrative and its preliminary site development plans [4]. Sussex County, Delaware wants a Delaware land surveyor's or engineer's seal and signature on site plans [22], and Howard County, Maryland wants a Maryland registered engineer or architect to prepare the plans for a Site Development Plan [32]. Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina requires its site plans to be prepared and sealed by a licensed professional [39]. Two New Jersey county planning boards build the seal into the filing: Essex County takes four copies of signed and sealed plans [36], and Ocean County starts its review clock only when the fee, sealed plans and a completed checklist arrive [37].
A utility, stormwater or highway authority with its own review. Chicago's stormwater review, which comes before a building or sewer permit, opens with a plan submittal sealed by a professional engineer [30]. Appleton, Wisconsin requires the initial submittal and the final approved plan for a post-construction runoff permit to be stamped by a Wisconsin engineer [55], and the Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District starts project review with plans sealed by a Missouri engineer [35]. State highway agencies set their own points: Louisiana's DOTD wants the traffic impact study sealed before the access application [31], the NCDOT Division 10 driveway package wants traffic, signal and drainage studies sealed by a North Carolina licensed professional [41], RIDOT wants commercial plans and drainage calculations stamped by a Rhode Island engineer [44], and GDOT wants the traffic impact study stamped by a Georgia engineer [28].
A survey or legal description filed with the concept plan. Mansfield, Texas puts its seal requirement for a specific use permit on the metes and bounds description, signed and sealed by a registered surveyor [48]. Buckeye, Arizona required a legal description and exhibit sealed by an Arizona registrant with a rezoning whose site plan exhibit was titled conceptual [19]. Gwinnett County, Georgia wants a registered surveyor's boundary survey with the zoning submittal [26]. In Illinois, a site plan that shows boundary dimensions or bearings carries a land surveyor's seal beside the designer's, including where the survey is only an underlay [29].
Where the seal comes this early, the preliminary plan comes before the filing: it fixes the layout and yield that the engineer, surveyor and architect of record carry into the sealed submittal.
State law at the building permit
At the building permit, several states put the seal rule in statute, some by instructing the official directly. These rules govern the building plans that follow the site plan, and they are the reason the sealed set comes from the professionals of record.
| State | Rule at the building permit | Citation |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | No official accepts or approves plans for a non-exempt building that a registered architect did not prepare; a building of 2,500 square feet or more needs an architect unless exempted | Ala. Code 34-2-32 [56]; Ala. Admin. Code 100-X-4-.02 [57] |
| Hawaii | No official accepts building plans without the seal of a licensed architect or of a licensed structural engineer unless the building is exempt, and no map or survey is filed in the land court without a land surveyor's seal | HRS 464-11 [58] |
| Iowa | The official accepts a submission involving architecture only with an architect's seal or with the applicant's certification, on the submission, of a specific exception under section 544A.18 | Iowa Code 544A.28 [59] |
| South Carolina | Plans, plats and reports a licensee prepares are stamped with the seal when filed with public authorities | S.C. Code 40-22-270(3) [60] |
| South Dakota | Building officials require certified plans for a project that is not exempt | SDCL 36-18A-70 [61] |
| Virginia | Plans for an exempt building bear the author's name, address and occupation, and local building officials may still require A/E design | Va. Code 54.1-402 [53] |
Iowa's building code handbook gives the preparer of an excepted building a checklist form for that certification, the Certification of Exemption from Architectural Practice Act, and advises building officials to require it [62].
Method note
Every row rests on a primary text: a state statute or board rule, a county or city ordinance, checklist or guide, an agency permit document, or a dated staff report or set of minutes. Where a rule was read through a legal publisher's copy, the source list names the official citation and the copy. Where the evidence is a decision record rather than a rule, as for Kane County and Lake County, the row says the plan was accepted in that record.
The seal column reads four ways:
- No: the cited text takes the plan at that stage without a seal or without a licensed preparer, sets no seal requirement for it, or records an unsealed plan being accepted.
- Not if marked, labeled or identified: the plan goes unsealed when it carries the label the rule names.
- Yes: the cited text requires a seal, a certification or a licensed preparer at that stage.
- A named document or requirement: the stage takes a seal on one document, such as a legal description, a traffic study or drainage calculations, and not on the concept plan; or the rule sets a different requirement, such as a stamp without a signature, which the cell names.
A state or jurisdiction without a row is one whose stage rule was not part of this table; its absence is not a finding either way. Where two readings of one jurisdiction disagreed on whether a stage takes a seal, that stage was left out.
How the preliminary plan fits, and where to go next
The table draws the line the studio works to. Innowave's site plans are preliminary by design, drawn for the sketch, concept, due diligence and pre-application stages; where a jurisdiction requires a seal, the client's engineer of record builds the sealed set on that plan, and the architect of record seals the building.
The site plan architect page sets out how the preliminary plan and the architect and engineer of record divide the work, preliminary site plan describes the plan itself, and site plan consultant covers taking a preliminary plan through pre-application, concept review and resubmittal. Whether the building needs an architect at all is a size and occupancy question, answered state by state in do I need an architect for a site plan; who seals each sheet is in who prepares a site plan, and how the stages differ is in preliminary vs final site plan.
The model projects show these stages on real sites: the Bandera County RV resort, the Kane County glamping resort, the Gwinnett County gas station, the Murfreesboro hotel, the Waller County truck stop and the Lee County marina. The restaurant conversion in San Antonio, the self storage project in Fuquay-Varina and the industrial outdoor storage yard in Buckeye follow the same pattern. More guides are in the guides library. To scope a preliminary plan for your parcel, start a project.
Frequently asked questions
Can I submit a site plan without a seal?
Yes, where the rule provides for it. Arizona's Board rule lets a registrant submit a document to a review body unsealed when it is marked "preliminary," "draft" or "not for construction" [1], and Gaston County, North Carolina encourages but does not require a licensed preparer for a site plan [38]. Other places want the seal at the first filing, such as Sussex County, Delaware, where site plans carry a Delaware land surveyor's or engineer's seal [22].
Do I need an architect for a site plan at the concept stage?
Not at the concept stages these jurisdictions describe. Murfreesboro, Tennessee asks for a dimensioned conceptual site plan at its due diligence meeting [9], and Kane County, Utah accepted a preliminary site concept plan marked not for construction at the conditional use stage [52]. The architect or engineer comes in with the documents that follow: San Antonio requires a design professional for the construction documents of a Group A occupancy (Sec. 10-8(a)(1)) [49].
What does marking a plan preliminary do?
In several states it is what lets the plan go out unsealed. Tennessee's board rule designates drawings that are not construction documents as preliminary, for review only or draft [2], Maine needs no engineer's seal on documents identified as PRELIMINARY or PROGRESS [5], and Texas lets a preliminary engineering document be released unsealed with a not-for-construction caveat and the firm's registration number [6].
Where is a sealed site plan required at the first filing?
Cedar Rapids, Iowa wants its administrative and preliminary site development plans certified by a registered civil engineer [4], Howard County, Maryland wants a Maryland registered engineer or architect to prepare its Site Development Plan [32], and Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina wants every site plan prepared and sealed by a licensed professional [39].
Does a residential permit site plan need a seal?
Often not. Metro Nashville does not require a licensed professional for a residential site plan but wants an accurately dimensioned scale drawing [45], Wendell, North Carolina says the plan does not have to be professionally drawn [40], and Houston takes a complete site plan with dimensions in place of a registered survey [47]. Cobb County, Georgia is the stricter case: a plan and survey sealed by a registered land surveyor before a building permit [25].
Who builds the sealed set from a preliminary plan?
The professionals of record, each in their own scope. Bandera County, Texas wants the preliminary plan prepared by a registered surveyor or engineer and the road and drainage plans sealed by a professional engineer before it approves a preliminary plat [3]. The studio's preliminary plan is the layout they start from.
Sources
- 1)A.A.C. R4-30-304, Use of Seals, Arizona State Board of Technical Registration. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 2)Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0120-02-.08, Seals (rules of the Tennessee State Board of Architectural and Engineering Examiners), Tennessee State Board of Architectural and Engineering Examiners, rules published by the Tennessee Secretary of State (via Cornell LII). Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 3)Bandera County Subdivision and Land Development Regulations (rev. 01/11/2024), Bandera County, Texas. Accessed 2026-10-09.
- 4)Site Development Plans, City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Accessed 2026-08-30.
- 5)02-322 CMR Chapter 2, section 11, seals, Maine Board of Licensure for Professional Engineers. Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 6)22 Tex. Admin. Code 137.33, Sealing Procedures, Texas Board of Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors (via Cornell LII). Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 7)RSMo 327.411, seals of licensees, Missouri Revisor of Statutes. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 8)Buncombe County Zoning Ordinance, Buncombe County, North Carolina.
- 9)Current Planning, City of Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 10)Guide to Development Orders, Lee County, Florida, Department of Community Development.
- 11)Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0820-04-.08, Seals (land surveyors), State of Tennessee (via Cornell LII). Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 12)Policy advisory opinion response EAOR45, Texas Board of Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 13)Iowa Admin. Code 193C-6.1(4), State of Iowa. Accessed 2026-08-30.
- 14)430-RICR-00-00-1.7, seals, Rhode Island Department of Business Regulation, design professional boards (via Cornell LII). Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 15)WAC 196-23-020, seal and stamp usage, Washington State Legislature. Accessed 2026-08-02.
- 16)New York Town Law section 274-a, site plan review, New York State Legislature (via Justia). Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 17)24 V.S.A. Chapter 117, Vermont Legislature. Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 18)N.J.S.A. 40:55D-46, Municipal Land Use Law, State of New Jersey.
- 19)Planning and Zoning Commission packet, rezoning PLZZ-20-00011, City of Buckeye, Arizona. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 20)Planning and Zoning Commission minutes, Maricopa County, Arizona. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 21)Development Review Manual and Application Materials (Land Use Code Appendix A), Chaffee County, Colorado. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 22)Sussex County Code, site plan submission requirements (ecode360.com/8885359), Sussex County, Delaware. Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 23)Fla. Admin. Code Chapter 64E-15 (2018 version), including R. 64E-15.010, Florida Department of Health.
- 24)Staff report FLU-22-14-4, Haines Creek RV Village, Lake County, Florida.
- 25)Variance Application and Schedule, citing Development Standards 103.19.1, Cobb County, Georgia. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 26)Procedures and Instructions, Gwinnett County, Georgia, Planning and Development.
- 27)Case file RZC2023-00002, Gwinnett County, Georgia, Planning and Development.
- 28)Regulations for Driveway and Encroachment Control, Chapter 2, Georgia Department of Transportation.
- 29)Illinois Code Enforcement Manual (Rev. February 2026), guidelines for technical submissions, Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation. Accessed 2026-08-30.
- 30)Sewer permits, fees and standards, City of Chicago, Department of Buildings. Accessed 2026-08-30.
- 31)LAC 70:I.1101, traffic impact policy, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (via Justia). Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 32)Site Development Plan Process (2025), Howard County, Maryland. Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 33)Building Official's Guide to Architecture Requirements (revised 08-2026), Mississippi State Board of Architecture. Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 34)Site Plan Review Application and Checklist, City of Hattiesburg, Mississippi. Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 35)Development review, Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 36)Essex County Planning Board, site plan filing requirements and fees (Chapter 44), Essex County, New Jersey.
- 37)Ocean County Planning Board, development review schedule and fees, Ocean County, New Jersey.
- 38)Gaston County Unified Development Ordinance, Chapter 5, Permit Approval, Gaston County, North Carolina (Municode library). Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 39)Site Plan Submittal Checklist, Town of Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina.
- 40)Building Permits, Town of Wendell, North Carolina. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 41)NCDOT Division 10, District 2 driveway permit application package, North Carolina Department of Transportation (posted by the City of Charlotte). Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 42)Building permit applications, City of Williston, North Dakota. Accessed 2026-09-01.
- 43)FAQs: Do I need a permit to build a fence?, City of Dayton, Ohio. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 44)Physical Alteration Permit, commercial checklist, Rhode Island Department of Transportation. Accessed 2026-08-31.
- 45)Residential permit procedures brochure, Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Codes Department. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 46)Site Plan Checklist (Appendix A, Zoning), City of Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
- 47)Residential Permitting 101, Houston Public Works, Houston Permitting Center. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 48)Mansfield Code section 155.080, Specific Use Permit, City of Mansfield, Texas (American Legal Publishing).
- 49)Chapter 10, Building-Related Codes (effective May 1, 2025), City of San Antonio, Development Services Department. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 50)Sidewalk Cafe Permit, City of San Antonio, Center City Development and Operations. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 51)Subdivision and Development Regulations, Waller County, Texas.
- 52)Planning Commission, Land Use Authority minutes, Kane County, Utah (Utah Public Notice Website).
- 53)Va. Code section 54.1-402, further exemptions from license requirements, Virginia General Assembly. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 54)Architect and engineer design requirements chart, Prince William County, Virginia. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 55)Planning, City of Appleton, Wisconsin. Accessed 2026-08-30.
- 56)Ala. Code 34-2-32, registered architect's services required; exemptions, Alabama Legislature (via Justia). Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 57)2025 Architect Handbook (Ala. Admin. Code 100-X-4-.02), Alabama Board of Architects. Accessed 2026-10-10.
- 58)HRS 464-11, State of Hawaii.
- 59)Iowa Code chapter 544A, including 544A.28, Iowa Legislature. Accessed 2026-08-30.
- 60)S.C. Code 40-22-270, State of South Carolina (via Justia). Accessed 2026-08-02.
- 61)SDCL 36-18A-70, South Dakota Legislature. Accessed 2026-09-01.
- 62)Iowa Building Code Official's Handbook (September 2019 edition), Appendix B, Iowa design licensing boards and Building Code Bureau (hosted by DIAL). Accessed 2026-08-30.
How these sources were chosen and when the page is reviewed: how we research.